{"id":633,"date":"2019-06-12T18:07:23","date_gmt":"2019-06-12T16:07:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/empax.sk\/bezpecna-komunikacia\/?p=633"},"modified":"2019-06-19T13:39:41","modified_gmt":"2019-06-19T11:39:41","slug":"reakcia-na-clanok-preco-volat-a-cetovat-cez-signal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/empax.sk\/bezpecna-komunikacia\/reakcia-na-clanok-preco-volat-a-cetovat-cez-signal\/","title":{"rendered":"Reakcia na \u010dl\u00e1nok: Pre\u010do vola\u0165 a \u010detova\u0165 cez Signal?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
<\/i>  Prihl\u00e1si\u0165 odber nov\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nkov<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n
Aktivujte si e-mailov\u00e9 notifik\u00e1cie na nov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky. Ke\u010f si to rozmysl\u00edte, odhl\u00e1site sa jedn\u00fdm klikom na odkaz, ktor\u00fd n\u00e1jdete v ka\u017edom na\u0161om e-maily.<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Denn\u00edk N uverejnil \u010dl\u00e1nok, v ktorom vysvet\u013euje v\u00fdhody aplik\u00e1cie Signal. A ke\u010f\u017ee v \u010dl\u00e1nku nezazneli \u00faplne v\u0161etky inform\u00e1cie, rozhodli sme sa ich doplni\u0165.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Cel\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok Pre\u010do vola\u0165 a \u010detova\u0165 cez Signal?<\/a> si m\u00f4\u017eete pre\u010d\u00edta\u0165 v Denn\u00edku N. V \u010dl\u00e1nku s\u00fa citovan\u00e9 tie pas\u00e1\u017ee, ktor\u00e9 si zasl\u00fa\u017eia v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu pozornos\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V \u00favode \u010dl\u00e1nku s\u00fa uveden\u00e9 nasledovn\u00e9 odpor\u00fa\u010dania:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Denn\u00edk N: Ak\u00fd messenger pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 a ktor\u00e9mu sa vyhn\u00fa\u0165?  <\/em><\/p>

1. odpor\u00fa\u010dame: Signal, Threema (aj ke\u010f sa Europol nab\u00faral do Ko\u010dnerovej komunik\u00e1cie)<\/em>
2. bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 s rezervami: Telegram (jeho autor Pavel Durov u\u0161iel pred ruskou tajnou slu\u017ebou FSB z Ruska)<\/em>
3. rad\u0161ej sa im vyhnite: Whatsapp, Messenger, Skype, Viber, Instagram<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Ide o najproblematickej\u0161iu \u010das\u0165 inak dobr\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku. Odpor\u00fa\u010da\u0165 konkr\u00e9tne aplik\u00e1cie bez pouk\u00e1zania na ich najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie slabiny nie je celkom spr\u00e1vne. Neexistuje hor\u0161ia situ\u00e1cia ako spolieha\u0165 sa na bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 aplik\u00e1cie a nevedie\u0165 o jej pr\u00edpadn\u00fdch rizik\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S rozdelen\u00edm uveden\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed sa d\u00e1 s\u00fahlasi\u0165. Nie je v\u0161ak jasn\u00e9, pre\u010do sa v zozname v\u00f4bec neobjavili profesion\u00e1lne rie\u0161enia pre bezpe\u010dn\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa certifikovan\u00e9 a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa ich aj vl\u00e1dne organiz\u00e1cie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mnoh\u00e9 krajiny ako s\u00fa Nemecko, Franc\u00fazsko, Ve\u013ek\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nia, \u0160v\u00e9dsko, Izrael, ale aj Slovensko maj\u00fa svoje \u201en\u00e1rodn\u00e9\u201c \u0161ifrovacie aplik\u00e1cie pre bezpe\u010dn\u00fa vl\u00e1dnu komunik\u00e1ciu a mnoh\u00e9 z nich s\u00fa dostupn\u00e9 aj komer\u010dne. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Signal, Threema a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 slabiny<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Denn\u00edk N: M\u00e1 Signal nejak\u00e9 bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 alternat\u00edvy? Mohla by \u0148ou by\u0165 napr\u00edklad appka Threema, hoci v pr\u00edpade Mariana Ko\u010dnera, podozriv\u00e9ho z objednania vra\u017edy J\u00e1na Kuciaka a Martiny Ku\u0161n\u00edrovej, sa do jeho komunik\u00e1cie v Threeme Europol nab\u00faral. V tomto pr\u00edpade to v\u0161ak zrejme bolo individu\u00e1lne zlyhanie \u010dloveka v r\u00e1mci bezpe\u010dnosti \u2013 sta\u010dilo, aby sa na\u0161la z\u00e1loha ku k\u013e\u00fa\u010du, ktor\u00fd im to umo\u017enil.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

P\u00edsali sme o tom u\u017e v samostatnom \u010dl\u00e1nku<\/a>. Signal, podobne ako Threema a mnoh\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie aplik\u00e1cie maj\u00fa z poh\u013eadu bezpe\u010dnosti hne\u010f dva z\u00e1sadn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prv\u00fdm je sp\u00f4sob uchov\u00e1vania spr\u00e1v, pr\u00edpadne s\u00faborov a in\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed v pam\u00e4ti telef\u00f3nov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V pr\u00edpade zn\u00e1meho prelomenia aplik\u00e1cie Threema, ak ide o pravdiv\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie, potom by sa tento probl\u00e9m rovnako t\u00fdkal aj Signalu a v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny \u010fal\u0161\u00edch podobn\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak niekto z\u00edska v\u00e1\u0161 telef\u00f3n, na ktorom s\u00fa ulo\u017een\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy v aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch ako s\u00fa Threema alebo Signal, \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk m\u00e1 v podstate neobmedzen\u00fd \u010das a neobmedzen\u00fd po\u010det pokusov, aby sa k spr\u00e1vam dostal. A pokia\u013e bude ma\u0165 z\u00e1ujem sa k nim dosta\u0165, bude to len ot\u00e1zka \u010dasu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Druh\u00fdm je otvoren\u00fd sp\u00f4sob registr\u00e1cie. Aplik\u00e1cie ako Signal a Threema umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa pr\u00edpadn\u00e9mu \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkovi sa zaregistrova\u0165 pod falo\u0161nou identitou, a v pr\u00edpade, \u017ee pozn\u00e1 va\u0161e telef\u00f3nne \u010d\u00edslo, ve\u013emi jednoducho zist\u00ed, \u010di pou\u017e\u00edvate niektor\u00fa z t\u00fdchto aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed. N\u00e1sledne v\u00e1s m\u00f4\u017ee sk\u00fasi\u0165 cez t\u00fato aplik\u00e1ciu aj kontaktova\u0165 a pok\u00fasi\u0165 sa o phishingov\u00fd \u00fatok. Syst\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 poskytuj\u00fa uzavret\u00fd sp\u00f4sob registr\u00e1cie s\u00fa v tomto oh\u013eade v\u00fdrazne bezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Navy\u0161e v pr\u00edpade Signalu je registr\u00e1cia u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov v\u017edy previazan\u00e1 s telef\u00f3nnym \u010d\u00edslom. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v r\u00e1mci internetu sa vytvor\u00ed digit\u00e1lna stopa, pomocou ktorej je mo\u017en\u00e9 sp\u00e4tne vysklada\u0165 inform\u00e1ciu o tom, s k\u00fdm a kedy ste komunikovali. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 fotografia (autor: Alex Schudich \/ Maro\u0161 Chrom\u00edk<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Open source neznamen\u00e1 v\u017edy bezpe\u010dnos\u0165<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Denn\u00edk N: Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed experti tie\u017e v\u00edtaj\u00fa, \u017ee Signal je jedn\u00fdm z m\u00e1la programov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa open source. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ktoko\u013evek si m\u00f4\u017ee pozrie\u0165 zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d a odhali\u0165 mo\u017en\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 chyby sk\u00f4r, ako by ich mohol n\u00e1js\u0165 \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk. Signal tak pre\u0161iel nez\u00e1visl\u00fdm auditom, ktor\u00fd mal skontrolova\u0165, \u010di je naozaj bezpe\u010dn\u00fd a neobsahuje \u017eiadne zadn\u00e9 dvierka (backdoor).<\/em><\/p>

…<\/p>

V takom pr\u00edpade je dobr\u00fd princ\u00edp otvoren\u00e9ho zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du, aby sa na\u0148 mohol ktoko\u013evek pozrie\u0165 a n\u00e1js\u0165 tak\u00e9to slabiny. V\u00fdskumn\u00edci sa v tejto oblasti \u010dasto prekon\u00e1vaj\u00fa, aby na\u0161li chyby v aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, ako je napr\u00edklad Signal<\/em>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Verejn\u00fd z\u00e1ujem o kontrolu zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du v pr\u00edpade masovo pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed je dobr\u00fd argument. Ale do takto otvoren\u00e9ho zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du maj\u00fa pr\u00edstup aj \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci a \u0161pecialisti \u201ez druhej strany\u201c, ktor\u00ed sa nebud\u00fa preteka\u0165 v tom, kto prv\u00fd zverejn\u00ed pr\u00edpadn\u00fa bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fa chybu. Sk\u00f4r ju bud\u00fa v tichosti vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010eal\u0161ia problematick\u00e1 vec je, \u017ee be\u017en\u00fd u\u017e\u00edvate\u013e si nem\u00e1 ako overi\u0165, \u017ee aplik\u00e1cia ktor\u00fa si do telef\u00f3nu nain\u0161taloval, pozost\u00e1va naozaj z presne t\u00fdch ist\u00fdch zdrojov\u00fdch k\u00f3dov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zverejnen\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V neposlednom rade, kontrolova\u0165 by bolo potrebn\u00e9 ka\u017ed\u00fa jednu aktualiz\u00e1ciu, ktor\u00fa si u\u017e\u00edvate\u013e in\u0161taluje. Inak sa pokojne m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u0165, \u017ee napr\u00edklad verzia 1.0 je bezpe\u010dn\u00e1, ale do verzie 1.1 u\u017e niekto \u00famyselne zapracoval aj backdoor. Open source teda v tomto pr\u00edpade v\u00f4bec nie je takou v\u00fdhodou ako je prezentovan\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Signal a Edward Snowden<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Denn\u00edk N: Signal ve\u013emi odpor\u00fa\u010dal aj Edward Snowden, ktor\u00fd po svojom \u00fateku cez Hongkong \u017eije v Ruskej feder\u00e1cii.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Edward Snowden je \u010dlovek, ktor\u00e9ho \u013eudia bu\u010f miluj\u00fa alebo nen\u00e1vidia. Na jednej strane jeden z najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edch whistle-blowerov na svete. Na strane druhej \u010dlovek, ktor\u00fd mal chr\u00e1ni\u0165 utajovan\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie, ale nakoniec zradil. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ot\u00e1zku, \u010di sa d\u00e1 d\u00f4verova\u0165 \u010dloveku, ktor\u00fd bol ochotn\u00fd \u201eobchodova\u0165\u201c s utajovan\u00fdmi inform\u00e1ciami ponech\u00e1me otvoren\u00fa a budeme sa rad\u0161ej venova\u0165 technick\u00fdm faktom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obch\u00e1dzanie \u0161t\u00e1tnych blok\u00e1ci\u00ed u\u017e nefunguje<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Denn\u00edk N: Aby e\u0161te viac pomohli v boji za s\u00fakromie \u013eud\u00ed, Signal implementoval do aplik\u00e1cie obch\u00e1dzanie \u0161t\u00e1tnych blok\u00e1ci\u00ed. To sa hod\u00ed najm\u00e4 v repres\u00edvnych krajin\u00e1ch, ako s\u00fa Egypt alebo Spojen\u00e9 arabsk\u00e9 emir\u00e1ty, kde sa \u0161t\u00e1t sna\u017e\u00ed odpo\u010d\u00fava\u0165 v\u0161etku komunik\u00e1ciu a znemo\u017eni\u0165 \u013eu\u010fom s\u00fakromne komunikova\u0165. Preto v t\u00fdchto krajin\u00e1ch Signal automaticky zapne obch\u00e1dzanie t\u00fdchto blok\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/em>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Mnoh\u00e9 (repres\u00edvne) krajiny sa sna\u017eia blokova\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edvanie \u0161ifrovac\u00edch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed. Aplik\u00e1cia Signal mala implementovan\u00fd sp\u00f4sob ako toto blokovanie ob\u00eds\u0165. Ako v\u0161ak sami priznali<\/a>, vyu\u017e\u00edvali na to slu\u017eby od Amazonu, ktor\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvali v rozpore s podmienkami, a preto museli t\u00fato podporu ukon\u010di\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Navy\u0161e vyu\u017e\u00edvanie slu\u017eieb tret\u00edch str\u00e1n aplik\u00e1ciou, ktor\u00e1 by mala ma\u0165 pln\u00fa d\u00f4veru jej pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, je minim\u00e1lne neetick\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ochrana s\u00fakromia a komunik\u00e1cie<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

V \u010dl\u00e1nku boli pekne vysvetlen\u00e9 d\u00f4vody, pre\u010do je ochrana s\u00fakromia d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 aj vo virtu\u00e1lnom svete a pre\u010do \u0161tandardn\u00e9 hovory a SMS spr\u00e1vy s\u00fa nato\u013eko derav\u00e9, \u017ee ich v dne\u0161nej dobe dok\u00e1\u017ee odpo\u010d\u00fava\u0165 takmer ka\u017ed\u00fd. S t\u00fdmto m\u00f4\u017eeme len s\u00fahlasi\u0165 a doplni\u0165 sn\u00e1\u010f, \u017ee kedysi to bola v\u00fdsada najm\u00e4 tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eieb, dnes vybavenie na odpo\u010d\u00favanie mobilnej komunik\u00e1cie je mo\u017en\u00e9 zhotovi\u0165 v n\u00e1kladoch okolo tis\u00edc eur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na\u0161\u0165astie v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti existuje naozaj ve\u013ea aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed pre \u0161ifrovan\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu. Z\u00e1klad je v\u017edy rovnak\u00fd \u2013 \u0161ifruj\u00fa prenos hlasu, spr\u00e1v alebo s\u00faborov. Pre mnoh\u00fdch u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov to sta\u010d\u00ed, alebo si len nie s\u00fa vedom\u00ed aj \u010fal\u0161\u00edch riz\u00edk. Pre n\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161\u00edch u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov s\u00fa zas k dispoz\u00edci\u00ed aplik\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 rie\u0161ia bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 ove\u013ea komplexnej\u0161ie. Ka\u017ed\u00fd si teda pod\u013ea svojich potrieb m\u00f4\u017ee vybra\u0165 rie\u0161enie, ktor\u00e9 bude najlep\u0161ie vyhovova\u0165 jeho po\u017eiadavk\u00e1m na bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 komunik\u00e1cie a d\u00e1t, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1 ulo\u017een\u00e9 v telef\u00f3ne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Obr\u00e1zok:<\/strong><\/span> GregPlom\/Pixabay.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Denn\u00edk N uverejnil \u010dl\u00e1nok, v ktorom vysvet\u013euje v\u00fdhody aplik\u00e1cie Signal. A ke\u010f\u017ee v \u010dl\u00e1nku nezazneli \u00faplne v\u0161etky inform\u00e1cie, rozhodli sme sa ich doplni\u0165.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":634,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[19,17,16],"class_list":["post-633","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analyzy-a-komentare","tag-analyzy-a-komentare","tag-signal","tag-threema"],"yoast_head":"\nReakcia na \u010dl\u00e1nok: Pre\u010do vola\u0165 a \u010detova\u0165 cez Signal? - Bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia | Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/empax.sk\/bezpecna-komunikacia\/reakcia-na-clanok-preco-volat-a-cetovat-cez-signal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Reakcia na \u010dl\u00e1nok: Pre\u010do vola\u0165 a \u010detova\u0165 cez Signal? - Bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia | Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Denn\u00edk N uverejnil \u010dl\u00e1nok, v ktorom vysvet\u013euje v\u00fdhody aplik\u00e1cie Signal. 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